2,706 research outputs found
Presencia de los hombres en redes de Investigación de género en el ámbito de comunicación en España
El objetivo de este trabajo es conocer la productividad y colaboración científica de los autores que han publicado trabajos sobre género en las revistas españolas de comunicación, prestando especial atención al rol desempeñado por los hombres. Se ha analizado la red de citaciones con el fin de identificar la red de investigadores y la participación de los hombres en la misma. La hipótesis de la que se parte es que los hombres tienen un papel secundario en las comunidades científicas que investigan sobre género en el área de comunicación. Se aplican metodologías procedentes del análisis de redes sociales. La información extraída ha sido analizada con el programa Ucinet. Se comprueba que los hombres tienen un rol marginal en la red y que las mujeres tienden a citar a otras mujeres en sus publicaciones.The purpose of this paper is to learn about the scientific productivity and collaboration of authors who have published papers on gender in Spanish communication journals by paying special attention to the role played by men. The citation network was analysed in order to identify the researchers network and the participation of men therein. The hypotesis put forward is that men have a secondary role in scientific communities that research gender in the communication field. Methodologies from the analysis of social network were applied. The information extracted was analysed using Ucinet software. It was confirmed that men have a marginal role in the network and that women tend to cite other women in their publication
Graffiti rupestres de época histórica en la Montaña de Alicante: una manifestación artística popular olvidada
Desde hace algunas décadas, se ha tratado de llamar la atención sobre un tipo de patrimonio apenas conocido. Son los denominados graffiti -entendidos como escritos o dibujos antiguos-, que han sido poco valorados como objeto de investigación, probablemente debido a que la mayoría de las representaciones son de cronología histórica. Este patrimonio ignorado sorprende, sin embargo, por la profusión con la que aparece no sólo en las paredes de edificaciones históricas, sino también en los abrigos y cuevas de nuestra geografía. Unas representaciones que, a nuestro juicio, cambian la manera que tenemos de entender las relaciones de la gente con su entorno.For several decades, researchers have tried to draw attention to a little-known type of heritage. This is the graffiti, understood as ancient writings or drawings, which have been undervalued as a research object, probably because most of representations have historical chronology. Surprisely, this ignored heritage profusely appears not only on the walls of historic buildings, but also in the shelters and caves of our geography. These representations, in our view, change the way we understand the relationships between people and their environment
A User-Centred Methodology for the Development of Computer-Based Assistive Technologies for Individuals with Autism.
The design and development of computer assistive technologies must be tied to the needs and goals of end users and must take
into account their capabilities and preferences. In this paper, we present
MeDeC@, a Methodology for the Development of Computer Assistive
Technologies for people with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), which
relies heavily in our experience working with end users with ASD. The
aim of this methodology is not to design for a broad group of users, but
to design highly customizable tools so that they can be easily adapted
to specific situations and small user groups. We also present two applications developed using MeDeC@ in order to test its suitability: EmoTraductor, a web application for emotion recognition for people with
Asperger Syndrome, and ReadIt, a web browser plug-in to help people
with ASD with written language understanding difficulties to navigate
the Internet. The results of our evaluation with end users show that
the use of MeDeC@ helps developers to successfully design computer
assistive technologies taking into account the special requirements and
scenarios that arise when developing this kind of assistive applications.pre-print703 K
A Wildfire Prediction Based on Fuzzy Inference System for Wireless Sensor Networks
The study of forest fires has been traditionally considered as an important
application due to the inherent danger that this entails. This phenomenon
takes place in hostile regions of difficult access and large areas. Introduction of
new technologies such as Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) has allowed us to
monitor such areas. In this paper, an intelligent system for fire prediction based
on wireless sensor networks is presented. This system obtains the probability of
fire and fire behavior in a particular area. This information allows firefighters to
obtain escape paths and determine strategies to fight the fire. A firefighter can
access this information with a portable device on every node of the network. The
system has been evaluated by simulation analysis and its implementation is being
done in a real environment.Junta de Andalucía P07-TIC-02476Junta de Andalucía TIC-570
Fucoxanthin and Rosmarinic Acid Combination Has Anti-Inflammatory Effects through Regulation of NLRP3 Inflammasome in UVB-Exposed HaCaT Keratinocytes
Excessive exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation is the main risk factor to develop skin
pathologies or cancer because it encourages oxidative condition and skin inflammation. In this sense,
strategies for its prevention are currently being evaluated. Natural products such as carotenoids or
polyphenols, which are abundant in the marine environment, have been used in the prevention of
oxidative stress due to their demonstrated antioxidant activities. Nevertheless, the anti-inflammatory
activity and its implication in photo-prevention have not been extensively studied. Thus, we aimed
to evaluate the combination of fucoxanthin (FX) and rosmarinic acid (RA) on cell viability, apoptosis
induction, inflammasome regulation, and anti-oxidative response activation in UVB-irradiated HaCaT
keratinocytes. We demonstrated for the first time that the combination of FX and RA (5 µM RA plus
5 µM FX, designated as M2) improved antioxidant and anti-inflammatory profiles in comparison
to compounds assayed individually, by reducing UVB-induced apoptosis and the consequent ROS
production. Furthermore, the M2 combination modulated the inflammatory response through
down-regulation of inflammasome components such as NLRP3, ASC, and Caspase-1, and the
interleukin (IL)-1β production. In addition, Nrf2 and HO-1 antioxidant genes expression increased in
UVB-exposed HaCaT cells pre-treated with M2. These results suggest that this combination of natural
products exerts photo-protective effects by down-regulating NRLP3-inflammasome and increasing
Nrf2 signalling pathway.Junta de Andalucía, Consejería de Innovación, Ciencia y Empresa-POLFANAT-P12-AGR-430Portugal, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT)-CESAM-UID/AMB/50017/2019Portugal, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT)-CEECIND/04050/2017Universidad de Sevilla "V Plan Propio US-PPI2015-1.5"
Antagonistic and synergistic responses to solar ultraviolet radiation and increased temperature of phytoplankton from cenotes (sink holes) of the Yucatán Peninsula, México
Cenotes (sink holes) are karstic formations characteristic of the Yucatán Peninsula and are the main source of fresh water in the region. Because of their tropical location, they receive high levels of solar radiation and are exposed to high temperatures. However, the effect of these global-change-related variables on phytoplankton in cenotes is unknown. We carried out experiments with phytoplankton communities collected from 2 cenotes differing in their penetration of solar radiation (Leona Vicario [LV]: turbid, Las Mojarras [LM]: clear) to assess the combined effect of solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR; 280–400 nm) and increased temperature on their photosystem (PS) II photochemistry. We exposed samples in microcosms to solar radiation (with and without UVR) and 2 temperatures (ambient = 25°C and increased by 3°C) and analyzed photochemical performance over daily cycles. A significant antagonistic interaction between UVR and temperature in LV caused a combined inhibition of the effective photochemical quantum yield (ΦPSII) that was smaller (63%) than the sum of the 2 individual effects of UVR and temperature (116%). In contrast, a significant synergistic interaction between UVR and temperature in LM caused the combined inhibition of ΦPSII (172%) to be higher than the sum of the individual effects of the 2 variables (134%). Differences in the size distribution and taxonomic composition of the phytoplankton communities, with smaller cells in LV than in LM, seem to account for much of the variability in responses to UVR and increased temperature between the 2 communities. Our results suggest that phytoplankton communities from clear cenotes will be more affected by the combined effects of solar UVR and increased temperature that those from turbid cenotes.Fil: Villafañe, Virginia Estela. Fundación Playa Unión. Estación de Fotobiología Playa Unión; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Guendulain García, Sergio D.. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: Valadez, Francisco. Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco; México. Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán; MéxicoFil: Rosiles González, Gabriela. Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán; MéxicoFil: Helbling, Eduardo Walter. Fundación Playa Unión. Estación de Fotobiología Playa Unión; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Banaszak, Anastazia T.. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Méxic
Universidad y cambio social en tiempos de crisis: Descripción y evaluación de una práctica docente alternativa
En el presente artículo se describe y analiza una práctica docente universitaria en la calle
mediante la adaptación de los contenidos de algunas asignaturas a los problemas sociales
causados por la llamada crisis económica. Mediante un grupo de discusión celebrado con
alumnos y alumnas junto con una pregunta abierta realizada a las personas que participaron
en la práctica docente en la calle, se analiza la opinión de éstos sobre la práctica en cuestión
y sobre las potencialidades de la Universidad para lograr el cambio social, contribuyendo a
la salida de la crisis. Los alumnos y alumnas aceptan y valoran la práctica docente en la calle
y la consideran muy positiva para su formación científica. Al mismo tiempo, algunos
participantes en el grupo de discusión expresan algunas interesantes reservas a la
confrontación dialéctica abierta y argumentada en el aula sobre problemas políticos y
sociales. Los alumnos y alumnas señalan las redes formales e informales de las que dispone
la Universidad como un recurso comunicativo para ayudar al cambio social. En la discusión
se reflexiona sobre el posicionamiento de los alumnos respecto al Poder de la universidad
para iniciar el cambio social
El impacto del diseño de actividades en el plagio de Internet en educación superior
El objetivo de este trabajo es comprender mejor la naturaleza del plagio en la Educación Superior. Analizamos una serie de actividades
en un curso on-line de nivel universitario, con el objetivo de encontrar qué tareas llevan más naturalmente al plagio. Este
análisis concluye que las actividades que tienen una menor tasa de plagio son actividades que fomentan la participación, la originalidad
y la creatividad. Posteriormente, reformulamos la tarea que presenta la mayor tasa de plagio, teniendo en cuenta las conclusiones
del análisis anterior y tratando de mantener su esfuerzo relativo y el impacto educativo. A continuación, comparamos
las actividades del nuevo diseño con las originales para medir si el rediseño conlleva una reducción significativa del plagio. Los
resultados son claros y muestran una caída significativa en los porcentajes de plagio. Además, se realizó una validación adicional
en la que se analizó la actividad con la segunda tasa de plagio más alta, encontrando que los grupos eran comparables y mostraban
actitudes de plagio similares en otros ejercicios que no habían sido rediseñados. Este estudio muestra que es posible reducir
la incidencia de plagio mediante el diseño de actividades de tal manera que los estudiantes se sientan motivados para proponer
sus propias ideas utilizando la información disponible en Internet como vehículo para sus soluciones en lugar de como soluciones
en sí mismasIn this work we aim to gain a better understanding of the nature of plagiarism in Higher Education. We analyse a set of different
activities in an online university-level course, aiming to understand which tasks lead more naturally to plagiarism. This analysis
concludes that the activities that have a lower rate of plagiarism are activities that encourage involvement, originality and creativity.
Subsequently, we reformulate the task that presented the highest rate of plagiarism, taking into account the conclusions of the previous
analysis and trying to maintain their relative effort and educational impact. We then compare the newly designed activities
with their original counterparts to measure whether there is a significant reduction in plagiarism. The results are clear and show
a significant drop in the percentages of plagiarism. In addition, we performed an additional validation to ensure that both groups
were, in fact, comparable. We found that both groups displayed similar plagiarism attitudes in other exercises that were not reformulated.
This study shows that it is possible to reduce the incidence of plagiarism by designing activities in such a way that
prompts students to propose their own ideas using information available on the Internet as a vehicle for their solutions rather than
as solutions in themselve
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